格式说明：
- **词根** 【中文含义 1；中文含义 2，汉语含义 2】(phrases 1 含义,phrases 2) 英文例句 1.英文例句 2.
- **派生词** 【中文含义 1】(phrases 1 含义,phrases 2 含义) 英文例句 1.
- **派生派生词**
一个单词的样例格式如上，注意中英文符号的区别：不同的中文词义用中文分号（全角分号）“；”分割，相似的中文词义用中文逗号（全角逗号）“，”分隔；英文短语用英文逗号“,”分割。我已经打了的部分单词，有些过于简单所以并没有给出中文含义和例句。对于中文含义，名词的含义前面要加“n.”；及物动词前要加“vt.”，其余动词不用加前缀；形容词的含义是“……的”，前面不需要加“adj.”；副词的含义是“……地”，前面不需要加“adv.”。对于例句，应该每个对应的中文含义和短语都要有一个例句，注意副词不再需要例句。
当一个单词有多种发音规则时，应把发音放在中文含义前，参考下面 attribute 的格式：
- **attribute** /əˈtrɪbjuːt/【v.把……归因于，认为……是……所说】/ˈætrɪbjuːt/【n.特征，属性】(attribute ... to)Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck. Each level should have exactly one caption attribute.
派生词减号前面是 Tab 键。
翻译方面，一般如果单词、短语非常熟悉的就可以不用标记中文了。例句最好不翻译。
值得注意的是，短语必须要搜罗全面，星火单词书上的短语和派生词并不完整，需要借助百度翻译、有道翻译或其它翻译软件来完善短语和派生词。
星火顺序
以下是书中包含的单词，注意它是不完整的，在整理时应该完善各种派生词或词根。
Word List 1 包含的单词有：tend,tender,attend,attendant,contened,contention,extend,extension,extnet,extensive,intensive,intend,intent,intention,intense,merge,emerge,emergency,submerge,immerse,mark,landmark,trademark,remark,remarkable,margin,marginal,prevent,advent,convene,convention,inter,vene,inventory,venture,adventure,venue,avenue,revenue,vent,ventilate,admit,admission,permit,permissible,permission,want,vanish,vain,vacation,evacuate,evacuation,vacant,vacancy,vacuum
Word List 2:private,privately,privacy,deprive,privilege,privileged,contribute,tribute,attribute,attributable,distribute,guard,safeguard,regard,disregard,regarding,guardian,ward,guarantee,warrant,warranty,vision,visible,visibility,invisible,revise,supervise,supervisor,vision,visionary,envisage,visualize,fraction,fracture,fragment,fragile,infringe,model,mode,module,mold,mood,moderate,moderator,modify,accommodate,accommodation,commodity,found,foundation,profound,fund,funding,refund,fundamental
Word List 3:test,contest,protest,testify,testimony,committee,commit,commitment,commission,respond,respondent,responder,response,response,responsive,responsible,responsibility,correspond,correspondence,corresponding,sponsor,spontaneous,recognize,recognition,cognitive,diagnose,diagnois,ignore,ignorant,ignorance,complete,completely,incomplete,complement,supplement,supplementary,supply,accomplish,implement,legal,illegal,legalize,legally,legacy,legislate,legislation,legitimate,suit,suitable,suit,suite,ensue,sue,suit,lawsuit,pursue,pursuit
Word List 4:revolution,revolt,revolve,evolve,involve,volume,equal,equality,unequal,adequate,inadequate,equate,equation,equator,equity,equivalent,under,underdeveloped,undergo,undergraduate,underlie,undermine,undertake,lay,layer,layman,lay-off,layout,delay,relay,just,justice,justify,justification,adjust,sign,signal,signify,significant,assign,design,designate,resign,attract,abstract,contract,distract,extract,subtract,trace,tract,trait,retreat,portray,betray
Word List 5:terrible,terribly,terrify,terror,terrorism,terrorist,deter,terrific,territory,terrace,terrain,car,career,carpenter,carriage,carrier,cart,caravan,cargo,charge,discharge,river,derive,rival,rivalry,nurse,nurture,nutrition,malnutrition,nourish,labor,laborious,collaborate,collaboration,elaborate,ancient,ancestor,anticipate,antique,office,efficient,efficiency,proficient,proficiency,sufficient,sufficiency,suffice,deficient,deficiency,deficit,benefit,beneficial,beneficiary,profit,profitable,nonprofit,feasible,feasibility
Word List 6:gene,genetic,genius,ingenious,genuine,genre,homogenize,homogeneous,generate,degenerate,generous,generosity,indigenous,oxygen,oxide,malignant,pregnant,certain,ascertain,certificate,certify,certification,practice,malpractice,practicable,practical,impractical,practitioner,question,questionable,questionnaire,quest,request,acquire,acquisition,inquire,inquiry,require,requirement,requisite,prerequisite,exquisite,incident,incidental,incidentally,incidence,coincidence,coincide,sacred,sacrifice,saint,sanction,sanctuary,normal,abnormal,normalize,normally,norm,enormous
Word List 7:value,valuable,valued,invaluable,evaluate,valid,invalid,validate,avail,available,availability,prevail,prevalent,measure,measurable,measurement,dimension,immense,author,authority,authorize,authentic,authenticity,prison,imprison,comprise,enterprise,entrepreneur,adapt,adopt,apt,aptitude,opt,option,optional,optimal,optimum,optimism,optimist,optimistic,alter,alternate,alternative,alien,alienate,crack,crackdown,clash,crash,crush,liberate,liberal,liberty,deliver,deliberate
Word List 8:number,numerical,innumerable,form,conform,formal,formula,formulate,forum,inform,perform,platform,reform,transform,uniform,middle,middle-class,amid,midst,midday,midwife,medieval,medium,immediate,intermediate,mediate,intermediary,receive,accept,conceive,concept,conception,conceit,deceive,deception,perceive,perception,susceptible,grasp,grab,grip,grope,geography,graph,graphic,bibliography,remain,remainder,remnant,permanent,mansion,atmosphere,atmospheric,sphere,hemisphere
Word List 9:expect,expectancy,expectation,unexpected,aspect,inspect,perspective,prospect,prospective,retrospect,retrospctive,spectacle,spectacular,spectator,spectrum,suspect,speculate,speculation,speculative,conspicuoous,suspicion,suspicious,despise,crab,crawl,creep,cripple,medicine,medical,medication,remedy,therapy,pharmacy,distinguish,distinction,distinct,distinctive,distinguishable,distinguished,extinguish,extinct,extinction,instinct,factory,artifact,manufacture,new,anew,newly,renew,renewable,novel,novelty,innovate,innovation,renovate
Word List 10:occur,occurrence,current,currency,concur,concurrent,excursion,incur,recur,structure,infrastructure,construct,instruct,compel,compelling,compulsion,comopulsory,appeal,expel,propel,repel,pulse,impulse,regular,irregular,regulate,regualtion,regulatory,deregulate,deregulation,regal,regime,regiment,region,realm,royal,royalty,reign,sovereign,sovereignty,rein,circle,circular,circulate,circus,cycle,recycle,recyclable,encyclopedia,cylinder,estimate,overestimate,underestimate,esteem
Word List 11:exit,circuit,initial,initially,initiate,initiative,transit,transition,transient,scale,escalator,escalate,ascend,ascnt,descend,descent,descendant,transcend,same,assemble,assembly,resemble,resemblance,similar,assimilate,simulate,simultaneous,doctor,doctrine,document,dogma,dogmatric,orthodox,paradox,progress,aggress,aggressive,congress,ingredient,spend,expend,expenditure,expense,compensate,compensation,dispense,indispensable,pension,append,appendix,pendulum,perpendicular,pending,suspend,suspension,dispense,ponder
Word List 12:voice,advocate,vocal,vocation,evoke,provokeprovoative,vow,vowel,camp,campus,campaign,champion,position,compose,composer,composite,composition,deposit,dispose,disposal,disposition,expose,exposure,exposition,impose,oppose,opposite,pose,posture,preposition,propose,proposal,proposition,component,exponent,opponent,postpone,compound,rate,overrate,rating,ratio,ratify,ration,rational,irrational,long,longitude,longitudinal,longevity,prolong,length,lengthy,linger
Word List 13:special,specially,especially,speciality,specific,specify,species,specimen,hand,beforehand,handicap,emancipate,mandate,manifest,manipulate,manoeuvre,manual,apprehend,comprehend,comprehension,comprehensive,commend,recommend,recommendation,origin,original,originate,orient,oriental,orient,orientation,abort,compete,competition,competitor,competence,competent,impetus,petition,perpetual,insect,section,intersection,sector,segment,sex,homosexual,pile,cmopile,compiler,edit,edition,editor,editorial
Word List 14:part,impart,participate,partly,partner,particle,particular,portion,proportion,apart,apartment,comopartment,depart,department,partition,magnificent,magnify,magnitude,major,mayor,majesty,majestic,mini,miniature,minibus,diminish,minor,major,minority,majority,minimum,maximum,minimal,maximal,minimize,maximize,prior,priority,primary,primarily,prime,premium,prominent,serve,deserve,deservingness,servant,conserve,conservation,conservative,preserve,preservation,reserve,reservation,reservoir,observe,observatory,dessert
Word List 1
- tend (tend to/towards) I tend to work in bursts.His views tend towards the extreme.
- tendency He is spoiled, arrogant and has a tendency toward snobbery.
- tender 【嫩的；幼嫩的，脆弱的；温柔的；v&n. 投标；提议，提出】(tender for,tender sth (to sb))Her voice was tender, full of pity.Local firms were invited to tender for the building contract.He has tendered his resignation to the Prime Minister.
- attend 【出席；经常去，定期去；照料；专心于；倾听】(attend to,attend upon/on) I have some urgent business to attend to.Difficulties may attend on your voyage, but you can overcome them.Attend to the lecture, or you will learn nothing.
- attendance (attendance at,in attendance) Attendance at these lectures is not compulsory.Police in riot gear were in attendance as a precautionary measure.
- attendee 【出席者】 This attendee has tentatively accepted the meeting.
- attendant 【服务人员；侍从；伴随的】(flight attendant)
- contend 【竞争，争夺；声称，主张】(contend with/against) I would contend that the minister's thinking is flawed on this point.They have to contend against draught every year.
- contention
- extend 【扩大，延长；提供，给予；涉及；使竭尽全力】(extend sth to sb) The offer does not extend to employees' partners.The school is extending the range of subjects taught.He extended his hand to the new employee.Jim didn't really have to extend himself in the exam.
- extension (extension of, extension to) He's been granted an extension of the contract for another year.It is also required an extension to your visa.
- extent 【长度，面积；范围，限度，程度】 (to ... extent) It is difficult to assess the full extent of the damage.To a certain extent, we are all responsible for this tragic situation.
- extensive 【广泛的；广博的；大量的】 Extensive research has been done into this disease.
- extensiveness
- intend 【想要，打算；意指】 (intend to do/doing sth,intend sb to do sth,be intended for/to do sth) They intend to sue for damages.The books were intended for the edification of the masses.
- unintended 【无意的】
- intent 【[正式]意图，目的；（犯罪）意图；专注的】 (be intent on) His intent is clearly not to placate his critics.I was so intent on my work that I didn't notice the time.
- intention (intention of)
- intentional 【故意的】Civil disobedience, violent or non-violent, is intentional law breaking.
- intense 【剧烈的；严肃紧张的；热切的】His revolutionary work in linguistics has aroused intense scholarly interest.
- intensive 【加强的，密集的；彻底的，十分细致的；集中的，[农]集约的】Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training.
- merge 【（使）合并；融入】 (merge (with/into) sth,merge A with/and B,merge into the background 悄悄融入集体) The banks are set to merge next year.
- emerge 【浮现；（事实、意见等）暴露，露出；摆脱出来】(emerge from sth,emerge as sth,emerge one after another/in endlessly 层出不穷) We emerged into bright sunlight.It emerged that the company was going to be sold.He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.She emerged from the scandal with her reputation intact.
- emergence 【出现，显现】(the emergence of new technologies)
- emergency 【紧急情况，突发事件】(in emergency,for emergencies/in case of emergency,state of emergency)
- submerge 【浸没，淹没；掩盖；潜入水中】(submerge oneself in sth)Indulge my helplessness, submerge every dust.Submerge yourself in English and you will learn several times faster.
- submerged 【沉没的】
- submergence
- immerse 【使浸没；使沉浸，使专注】(immerse oneself in/be immersed in)You can immerse yourself in it and absorb it.
- immersive
- mark 【n.记号，标记；成绩，分数；做标记；弄脏，留下痕迹；指定】(mark on,mark sb out for 使注定要，mark ... as)
- landmark 【地标；里程碑】Marble Arch is a famous London landmark.
- trademark 【商标；（人的行为或衣着的）特征，标记】Kerr's trademark is her dimples.
- remark 【n.备注，评论；谈论，评论】(remark on)His remark jolted her into action.
- remarkable 【非凡的】
- margin 【页边空白；边缘；余地；（选票、得分等上的）差数；利润率】(on the margin(s) 处于边缘地位,margin for error)He won by a narrow margin.She added her comments in the margin.The narrow gateway left me little margin for error as I reversed the car.
- marginalize 【使处于社会边缘，边缘化；排斥；忽视】Don't marginalize the online tools that are available.
- marginalization
- marginal 【写在页边空白处的；边缘的；小的，不重要的，微不足道的；仅以微弱票数获胜的】 (marginal cost 边际成本)The story will only be of marginal interest to our readers.
- marginalize 【使处于社会边缘，边缘化；排斥；忽视】Don't marginalize the online tools that are available.
- prevent (prevent from)
- prevention
- preventive 【预防性的；预防药】
- advent 【n.出现，到来，问世】(the advent of)
- convene 【召集，集合；召开】The committee will convene at 11.30 next Thursday.We'd convene some of the most senior members.
- convention 【大会，会议；协定，公约；惯例，习俗】(by convention 照惯例）The convention does not apply to us.
- conventional 【传统的；常规的；习惯的】Biofuels can be mixed with conventional fuels.
- unconventional
- convention 【大会，会议；协定，公约；惯例，习俗】(by convention 照惯例）The convention does not apply to us.
- intervene 【介入，干涉，干预；中断，阻碍；插话】(intervene in)The President intervened personally in the crisis.They were planning to get married and then the war intervened.I saw nothing of her during the years that intervened.
- intervention
- inventory 【详细目录，清单；存货】The inventory will be disposed of over the next twelve weeks.
- venture 【n.风险投资；企业；冒……的险】(venture into)Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home.She hardly dared to venture an opinion.
- adventure
- adventurous 【大胆的，爱冒险的；令人兴奋的，新奇的】
- venue 【聚集地点，会场】
- avenue 【大街；林荫路；途径】This is an avenue that may not be available at the office.
- revenue 【n.收入，收益；n.税收】
- vent 【通风口，排放口；(衣物）开衩；表达，发泄（情感）】(give vent to) She gave vent to her anger and jealousy.Vent your frustration.
- ventilate 【使通风；表达（情感）】The lungs ventilate the blood.
- ventilation 【n.通风，空气流通】
- ventilate 【使通风；表达（情感）】The lungs ventilate the blood.
- admit 【（不情愿地）承认；准许……入内；接纳】(admit of 容许有,admit of no delay,argument,doubt)The evidence can not admit of doubt.
- admission
- admittedly 【诚然，不可否认地】
- permit 【允许，许可，同意；许可证】(permit of 容许有）
- permission (with the permission of)
- permissible
- want 【想要；v&n.缺乏，需要】(in want of 需要，缺乏)
- vanish 【突然消失，不见；绝迹，不复存在】(vanish from,vanish from sight,vanish away)Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children face.
- vanishment
- vain 【徒劳的；无效的；自负的】((all)in vain,vain glory 虚荣)
- vacation (on vacation)
- evacuate 【使转移，撤离，疏散；撤出，撤离】Army helicopters tried to evacuate the injured.Locals were told to evacuate.
- evacuation (the fastest evacuation route)
- vacant 【空的，未被占用的；茫然的，空虚的】The seat next to him was vacant.She had a kind of vacant look on her face.The position of chairman has been vacant for some time.
- vacancy 【空房间；n.空缺，空位】(vacancy for sb/sth,fill a vacancy)
- vacuum 【n.真空；真空吸尘器；n.空白，空虚；用真空吸尘器打扫】(in a vacuum 似在真空中，脱离实际)This kind of decision cannot ever be made in a vacuum.His resignation has created a vacuum which cannot easily be filled.
Word List 2
- private
- privacy It can alert emplyees to intrusion into their privacy.
- deprive 【剥夺，使丧失】(deprive sb of sth)
- deprivation 【n.缺少，匮乏】
- privilege 【特权，荣幸；给予……特权】(it is a privilege to do sth,have the privilege to do/of doing sth)
- privileged 【享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的】
- underprivileged 【底层的】
- contribute (contribute to)
- contributor 【捐赠者；促成物】
- contribution (make a contribution to,make contribution)
- tribute 【n.致敬，颂词；贡品】(pay tribute to 向……表示敬意)The director paid tribute to all she had done for the charity.
- attribute /əˈtrɪbjuːt/【v.把……归因于，认为……是……所说】/ˈætrɪbjuːt/【n.特征，属性】(attribute ... to)Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck. Each level should have exactly one caption attribute.
- attributable
- distribute 【（有计划地）分发，分送；分配，分布】(distribute to)
- distributor 【经销商，批发商】
- guard 【守卫，保卫；看守，监视；n.警卫员，保卫】((be)on guard 警惕的，警戒，站岗)Two soldiers must be on guard all night.
- guardian 【守卫者，监护人】
- safeguard 【保护，维护；预防措施，安全设施】(safeguard ... against)
- regard 【把……看作，认为；打量；n.尊敬，尊重；n.关注，关心；(pl.)致意，问候】(regard...as...,regard...with...带着……注释,have/show regard for 尊重/关心,give/send one's regards to sb 向某人问候,as regards=with/in regard to 关于，至于,regarding,regardless of 不管，不顾，尽管,in this regard 在这方面)
- ward 【病房；被监护者；（城市的）区；防止，抵挡】(ward off 防止，抵挡)She may have put up a fight to try to ward off her assailant.
- guarantee 【vt&n.保证，担保】(guarantee from,guarantee against)
- warrant 【使有必要，保证；n.许可（证）；正当理由，根据；授权令】There is no warrant for such criticism.I'll warrant tha'rt like thy mother too.
- warranty 【（产品的）保证书，保修单】(under warranty)
- vision 【视力，视觉；视野；想象（力）；设想，构想；远见卓识】(future visions)
- visionary 【空想的，不切实际的；有远见的；n.有远见的人】
- visible
- invisible 【看不见的；无形的，未意识到的】
- visibility
- revise 【vt.修改，修订；vt.改变，修正；复习】(revise for an exam)
- supervise 【监督，管理，指导】
- supervisor
- supervision
- envisage 【设想，展望】(envisage sth, envisage doing sth)
- envisagement 【设想，展望】
- visual 【视觉的，形象的】
- visualize 【想象，形象化】（与 envisage 的区别是，它是在脑海中生成图像，后者是在脑海中看到可能性、前景等）(visualize sth, visualize doing sth)
- fraction 【分数；小部分】(a fraction of the cost)
- fractional 【微小的；分数的】
- fragment 【碎片，片段；使破碎，使分裂】(fragment sth, fragment into sth)
- fragmentation 【碎片化】
- fragmentary 【不完整的，残缺不全的】
- fragile 【易碎的，脆弱的；虚弱的；不稳定的】(a fragile object, fragile health)
- fragility 【脆弱性】
- infringe 【违背，违反（法律）；侵犯，侵犯权利】(infringe sb's rights,infringe on （在某些方面）限制（某人的自由）)
- infringement
- model 【模型；榜样，模范，典型；模式；v.使模仿；模仿，效仿；建模，做……的模型；模范的】(model sth after sth, be modeled after sth,model for sb)The program will be modeled after a popular BBC series called "The Archers".
- modeling 【建模】
- mode 【模式；样式，方式，风格】(in mode) Characterized by or preferring solitude in mode of life.
- unimodal 【单峰的】
- multimodal 【多模态的；多峰的】
- module 【模块，组件】
- modular 【模块化的】
- mold 【模具，模型；类型；霉菌；vt.塑造；vt.影响……的形成】(mold sth into sth,mold infested 霉菌感染的) Or mold the bronze into anything else of value for that matter.
- mood 【情绪，心情；坏脾气】(in a good/bad mood)
- moody 【情绪不好的，脾气坏的；喜怒无常的，情绪多变的；情绪化的】
- moderate 【v.调节，缓和；普通的，中等的；不偏激的，温和的；适度的】(moderate the discussion, moderate one's tone 缓和某人的语气, moderate breeze 和风)
- moderator 【仲裁者，调停者】
- moderation 【适度，节制】(in moderation)
- modify 【修改，调整】
- modification (make modifications,modifications to 对……的修改)
- modifiable
- accommodate 【（使）适应；vt.容纳；向……提供住处；vt.迁就，迎合】(accommodate (onself) to,accommodate sb for the night,accommodate sth with sth)
- accommodating 【乐于助人的】
- accommodation 【住处；和解，调解】 (make/provide accommodation for)They were forced to reach an accommodation with the rebels.
- commodity 【商品，货物；必需品】
- commodification 【n.商品化，商业化】
- found 【以……为基础；创办，建立]
- foundation 【（通常 pl.)地基；基础；基金会；n.创建】(lay the foundation of)
- foundational
- foundation 【（通常 pl.)地基；基础；基金会；n.创建】(lay the foundation of)
- profound 【深不见底的；深刻的，深奥的；强烈的】
- profoundness 【n.深刻，深奥】
- profoundity 【深奥之物】
- fund 【基金；(pl.)资金，现款；基金会；为……提供资金，资助】
- underfounded 【资金不足的，缺乏资金的】
- funding 【n.资金，基金，提供资金】
- refund 【vt&n.退款】
- fundamental 【基础的，基本的；根本的，十分重大的；n.(pl.)基本原理，基本法则】
- fundamentally 【跟本上，完全地】